Objective. To study and evaluate the expression patterns of different subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in reproductive-aged patients with ovarian endometriosis. Results. The study revealed a clinically significant expression of certain nAChR subunits, which was elevated specifically in biopsy samples obtained from endometriosis patients (α7, α9, α6, α4) compared to the control group. Furthermore, an increase in the expression of α4 and β2 subunits was detected for the first time, demonstrating the presence of heteromeric α4β2 receptors on endometriosis cells, the functionality of which was tested and confirmed by the patch-clamp technique. Conclusion. It was shown that the genes encoding these receptors are expressed at high levels, and the receptors themselves have good functional activity, which allows us to consider them as potential therapeutic targets for suppressing the production and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in ovarian endometriosis.